@TeriRadichel | Cloud. Security. Software.

Notes. Code. Cloud. AWS. Security. Automation. Databases. Bugs. Error Messages. No Guarantees.

Tuesday, July 11, 2017

Timeout Connecting to S3 Endpoint From Lambda

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In my last post I explained how to turn on detailed Boto logging to get more information about an AWS error. The specific problem I was hav...
Sunday, July 09, 2017

Detailed AWS Boto Library Logging

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In my last post I explained how to turn on AWS X-RAY to log details about Lambda functions. That feature is probably most useful when you ha...

Enable AWS X-Ray for Lambda Function using CloudFormation

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I just realized there's a check box under Lambda configuration tab to enable x-ray. I was trying to enable it in other more complicated ...
Wednesday, July 05, 2017

Waiting For an EC2 Instance To Initialize Before Completing a Script

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Sometimes when running a script to create AWS Resources, an EC2 instance needs to be created and up and running before the script can contin...

CloudFormation Won't Delete Lambda

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I am noticing that AWS CloudFormation has difficulties deleting my particular Lambda function. If you are having this problem the trick is...
Tuesday, June 27, 2017

Setting NTP Server for AWS EC2 instance in User Data

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In a previous post I mentioned using a WatchGuard Firebox Cloud as an NTP server. Here's some sample code. Our Firebox CloudForma...

The network acl entry identified by xxxx already exists

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Here are some troubleshooting tips if you are getting this error when running a CloudFormation template to create NACLs: "ResourceSt...
Monday, June 19, 2017

not a valid EC private key file

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If you are trying to download an SSH key pair from a bucket and getting an error trying to use the key pair (for example with Paramiko in a ...

WatchGuard Firebox Cloud Subscription Services in 11.12.2

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WatchGuard Firebox Cloud offers subscriptions for various security services that help keep your network and instances secure. The full suit...
Sunday, June 18, 2017

Create Network Interfaces Separately in AWS to Tag With Names

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Here's a hint - create Network Interfaces (ENIs) separately in AWS CloudFormation so you can assign names via tags . That way when you...

ImportValue in UserData with YAML ~ CloudFormation

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When trying to concoct a UserData statement in an EC2 CloudFormation in YAML a !SUB function can be used to replace variables in the UserD...
Tuesday, June 13, 2017

Do You Have HTTP Traffic Hidden in Your HTTPS Page?

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I set my Firebox to only allow HTTPS traffic just so I could see what sites don't support SSL. At first I thought the Linksys site did n...
Monday, June 12, 2017

Why A VPN for AWS Cross Region Traffic?

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Although HTTPS API request traffic is encrypted, AWS states best practice for cross-region communication is to use a VPN . A VPN will prote...

Yum updates on AWS ~ Which Region?

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I have been digging into network traffic to truly understand all the sources and destinations when using AWS services - specifically S3 and ...
Sunday, June 11, 2017

Where Does Traffic Flow for AWS S3

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I've been working with AWS S3 and S3 endpoints lately and digging into the the nitty gritty of how it works with the support team at AWS...

variable names in Fn::Sub syntax must contain only alphanumeric characters, underscores, periods, and colons

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While trying to use an ImportValue the way specified on the web sites in the UserData section of a CloudFormation template I go this error: ...

Getting the Index or Count in a Filtered List in Python

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Attempting to get a count of filtered items while looping through the original list in Python will yield the count of the original list or t...

Using a WatchGuard Firebox for an NTP Server on AWS

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When your instances run on AWS by default they will reach out to the Internet to an NTP service to update the clock that is used to create a...
Tuesday, June 06, 2017

One of the configured repositories failed (Unknown), and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue.

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Running AWS Minimal Linux instance got this error in the logs on start up: Starting cloud-init: Cloud-init v. 0.7.6 running 'modules:c...
Sunday, June 04, 2017

Find all the AMI IDs from a specific vendor in the AWS Marketplace

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I am trying to find a way to get a list of AMIs from a specific vendor in the AWS Marketplace. I thought I figured out a way to do this but ...

'capabilities' failed to satisfy constraint: Member must satisfy constraint: [Member must satisfy enum value set: [CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM, CAPABILITY_IAM]]

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When running cloud formation templates certain templates require IAM permissions. You will need to add this to your IAM call: --capabilit...
Saturday, June 03, 2017

IP Spoofing

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IP Spoofing means that someone likely manually crafted a network packet and put in a bogus IP address as the source address. A network pac...

Error: The Device Administrator admin from x.x.x.x has selected Edit Mode. You cannot select Edit Mode until admin has selected View Mode.

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If you see this error trying while working on the command line of WatchGuard Firebox: WG#configure %Error: The Device Administrator admin ...
Wednesday, May 24, 2017

0.0.0.0/0 in AWS Route Tables and Network Rules

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Public Safety Announcement: 0.0.0.0/0 should be used sparingly. It means any host on any IP address (or any IPv4 address to be precise) on...

Route Tables: Protecting Your Network

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When you set up your network it is very important to understand how route tables work and how they open up access to your network in uninten...
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